What are the prospects for black bream Acanthopagrus butcheri (Munro) aquaculture in salt‐affected inland Australia?

Black bream are a highly regarded sport and table fish, and there has been considerable interest in their aquaculture potential for the salt‐affected agricultural regions of inland southern Australia. In many ways they are an ideal candidate species for inland saline aquaculture because they appear to be very hardy, hatchery techniques are well established for them, and high survival rates have been maintained under a variety of culture conditions and feeding regimes. However, their slow growth rate needs to be increased by at least 33% for black bream to become an economically viable aquaculture species. Growth is amenable to genetic improvement, and sub‐adult growth rate shows moderate heritability and no adverse genetic correlations with other production traits. Nevertheless fillet yield is comparatively low, and in conjunction with unpredictable and early sexual development in culture, industry‐scale meat production remains problematic. These obstacles, however, do not preclude the use of black bream as a recreational fish species for inland saline waters, where their stocking may provide an additional source of rural income and relieve fishing pressure on depleted estuarine populations.     

Marennine,Promising Blue Pigments from a Widespread Haslea Diatom Species Complex

In diatoms, the main photosynthetic pigments are chlorophylls a and c, fucoxanthin, diadinoxanthin and diatoxanthin. The marine pennate diatom Haslea ostrearia has long been known for producing, in addition to these generic pigments, a water-soluble blue pigment, marennine. This pigment, responsible for the greening of oysters in western France, presents different biological activities: allelopathic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and growth-inhibiting. A method to extract and purify marennine has been developed, but its chemical structure could hitherto not be resolved. For decades, H. ostrearia was the only organism known to produce marennine, and can be found worldwide. Our knowledge about H. ostrearia-like diatom biodiversity has recently been extended with the discovery of several new species of blue diatoms, the recently described H. karadagensis, H. silbo sp. inedit. and H. provincialis sp. inedit. These blue diatoms produce different marennine-like pigments, which belong to the same chemical family and present similar biological activities. Aside from being a potential source of natural blue pigments, H. ostrearia-like diatoms thus present a commercial potential for aquaculture, cosmetics, food and health industries.     

循环水养殖中不同载体生物滤器的水质净化效果分析

为比较3种不同滤料在封闭循环水养殖中水体净化效果,通过构建3套封闭循环水养殖试验系统,分析了在相同体积的滤器中毛刷滤料、移动床滤料和结构滤料3种不同生物滤料对生物过滤硝化作用效果的影响.结果表明,在一定体积的生物滤器中（HRT 10.5min,水温24 ～30℃下）3种滤料对总氨氮（TAN）去除率的影响差异不显著（P＞0.05）,但单位滤料体积的TAN去除速率（VTR）差异较大.毛刷滤料、移动床滤料、结构滤料等3种滤料的VTR平均值分别为：（18.66±9.30）、（62.19±30.49）和（16.34±7.87）g/（m3·d）.不同运行方式对VTR有极显著影响,移动床的VTR明显高于毛刷滤料与结构滤料的固定床式生物滤器,差异极显著（P＜0.01）.     

鳗鲡的营养成分·养殖现状与对策

从鳗鲡的分布、鳗鲡产业发展现状、养殖种类的变化及其原因以及营养成分(基本营养成分、氨基酸和脂肪酸等)方面对鳗鲡养殖现状进行了综述。     

黄河故道河蟹生态养殖

从清塘、种草投螺、施肥、蟹种投放、水质管理、饲养管理和合理混养等方面对河蟹的生态养殖技术进行了探讨。     

能值分析在贻贝养殖生态系统的应用

以能值理论为基础,选择舟山市东极贻贝养殖生态系统为研究对象,在定量分析贻贝养殖生态系统的物质流和能量流的基础上,通过建立能值评价指标体系,综合评价东极贻贝养殖对环境的影响及其可持续性。结果表明：东极贻贝养殖生态系统的太阳能值转化率TR为3.35E＋09sej/g,环境负荷率ELR为0.45,能值产出率EYR为3.22,能值投入的生产效率PEEI为9.60E-10g/sej,系统可持续发展指数ESI为7.16。最后将其与其它四种养殖系统进行比较,分析得出贻贝养殖生态系统能值产出率和可持续性均较高。     

宁夏银川地区池塘养殖河蟹技术探讨

从池塘修建、河蟹放养规格、时间、密度、生产管理和疾病防治等方面探讨了宁夏银川地区池塘养殖河蟹技术,试验养殖的河蟹产量达6 393.0 kg/hm2、平均135.3 g/只,经济效益达18 840元/hm2,具有较好的开发前景。     

水产养殖水体处理方法研究进展

如何净化养殖池塘水质、改善养殖水体环境质量已成为渔业养殖环境和生态研究的重点。阐述了池塘水质净化方法研究的进展,着重讨论了各种水质净化方法的处理原理和处理效率,并就水产养殖水体处理发展方向提出建议。     

光谱采集位置和数量对番石榴 无损检测的影响

基于漫反射法的番石榴可溶性固形物含量（SSC）无损检测中,确定番石榴最佳光谱取样的位置和数量,对提高检测精度具有重要意义。分别采集番石榴顶端、赤道和底部区域漫反射光谱,每个区域采集4 处,以赤道1处、赤道4 处平均和全部12 处平均光谱作为各样本的光谱,建立PLS 模型并对独立预测集样本进行预测。结果显示,12 处平均光谱数据建模效果最好,其预测相关系数Rp=0.962,预测均方根误差RMSEP=0.432;赤道4 处平均光谱建模效果次之,Rp=0.793,RMSEP 为0.588;赤道1 处光谱建模效果最差,Rp=0.687,RMSEP=0.599。再经过连续投影算法（SPA）筛选全谱变量,得到23 个特征波长,此时PLS 模型的Rp=0.902,RMSEP=0.438。试验结果表明,番石榴多处平均的漫反射光谱充分携带其内在品质信息,建模效果优于单处或单区域采样光谱。     

线粒体分子标记技术在水产养殖行业的应用

分子标记技术的使用在分子层面上对水产动物进行深度剖析,推动了水产行业的发展和创新.对线粒体分子标记技术的种类、构造和它们在水产行业中各个方面的应用方式进行了综述,探讨了线粒体分子标记技术在起源演化、亲缘和亲权关系、遗传距离和遗传多样性等方面的研究,并比较了不同线粒体分子标记技术的区别,讨论了该分子标记技术在未来水产行业中的发展前景.